Inclusion of soils and soil-like bodies of urban territories into the Russian soil classification system

Eurasian Soil Science volume 47, pages959–967(2014)Cite this article

Abstract

The results of the Internet discussion on the classification of urban soils aimed at evaluating their possible inclusion into the modern Russian soil classification system adopted by a wide range of specialists are presented. The first step was to address the urban diagnostic horizons as the basis for identifying soil types according to the rules of the Russian soil classification. New diagnostic horizons were proposed for urban soils: urbic (UR), filled compost-mineral (RAT), and filled peat (RT). The combination of these horizons with other diagnostic horizons and layers of technogenic materials correspond to different soil types. At the subtype level, the diagnostic properties (qualifiers) that may reflect both natural phenomena (gley, alkalinity) and technogenic impacts on the soils (urbistratified; phosphatic; or poorly expressed urban—ur, rat, rt) are used. Some corrections were proposed for the system of parent materials in urban environments. Urban soils formerly described in another nomenclature—urbanozems, urbiquasizems, and culturozems—are correlated with the taxa in all the trunks of the system. The proposals accepted can be used for the next updated version of the new Russian soil classification system.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

34,95 €

Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

References

  1. 1.

    B. F. Aparin and E. Yu. Sukhacheva, “Principles of classification of urban soils (by the example of St. Petersburg), All-Russia Conf. Geochemistry of Landscapes and Geography of Soils (on the Centennial Anniversary of the Birth of M.A. Glazovskaya (Moscow, 2012), pp. 43–45 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  2. 2.

    O. S. Bezuglova, S. N. Gorbov, and S. S. Tagiverdiev, “Impact of the City on Soil Properties (by the Example of Bataiskl),” http://www.rosniipm-sm.ru/dl-files/udb-files/udb13-rec50-field6.pdf [in Russian].

  3. 3.

    V. I. Vasenev, Extended Abstract of Candidate’s Dissertation in Biology (Moscow, 2011) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  4. 4.

    M. I. Gerasimova, M. N. Stroganova, T. V. Prokof’eva, and N. V. Mozharova, Anthropogenic Soils (Oikumena, Smolensk, 2003) [in Moscow].

    Google Scholar 

  5. 5.

    S. N. Gorbov, Extended Abstract of Candidate’s Dissertation in Biology (Rostov-on-Don, 2002) [in Moscow].

    Google Scholar 

  6. 6.

    S. N. Gorbov and O. S. Bezuglova, “Elemental composition of humic acids in the soils of urban territories (by the example of Rostov-on-Don),” Pochvovedenie, No. 11, 1316–1324 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  7. 7.

    S. V. Goryachkin, D. A. Gilichinskii, N. S. Mergelov, et al., “Soils of Antarctica: first results, problems, and outlooks for further research,” in All-Russia Conf. Geochemistry of Landscapes and Geography of Soils (on the Centennial Anniversary of the Birth of M.A. Glazovskaya (Moscow, 2012), pp. 365–392 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  8. 8.

    A. A. Dymov, D. A. Kaverin, and D. N. Gabov, “Properties of soils and soil-like bodies in the Vorkuta area,” Eur. Soil Sci. 46(2), 217–224 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. 9.

    The Law of Moscow on Urban Soils (http://www.garant.ru/hotlaw/moscow/158912/) [in Russian].

  10. 10.

    F. A. Ivannikov, Extended Abstract of Candidate’s Dissertation in Biology (Moscow, 2012).

    Google Scholar 

  11. 11.

    Classification and Diagnostic System of Russian Soils (Oikumena, Smolensk, 2004) [in Russian].

  12. 12.

    I. I. Lebedeva and M. I. Gerasimova, “Possibilities of including the taxonomy of soils and parent materials of Moscow city into the classification system of the soils of Russia,” Eur. Soil Sci. 44(5), 572–575 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. 13.

    M. Yu. Lychagin and A. N. Tkachenko, “Bottom sediments in the seaward part of the Volga Delta: are they soils?” Mater. VI All-Russia Soil Sci. Congr. (Petrozavodsk, 2012), Vol. 3, pp. 77–78 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  14. 14.

    N. N. Matinyan and K. A. Bakhmatova, Soils and the Soil Cover of Petergof Parks (Filolog. fakul’tet SPbGU, St. Petersburg, 2012) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  15. 15.

    E. N. Nakvasina, Yu. M. Permogorskaya, and L. F. Popova, Soils of Arkhangelsk. Structural-Functional Specificity, Properties, and Ecological Evaluation (Izd. AGTU, Arkhangelsk, 2006) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  16. 16.

    T. V. Prokof’eva, I. A. Martynenko, and F. A. Ivannikov, “Classification of Moscow soils and parent materials and its possible inclusion in the classification system of Russian soils,” Eur. Soil Sci. 44(5), 561–571 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. 17.

    T. V. Prokof’eva, M. S. Rozanova, and V. O. Poputnikov, “Some features of soil organic matter in parks and adjacent residential areas of Moscow,” Eur, Soil Sci. 46(3), 273–283 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. 18.

    Field Guide on Russian Soils (Pochv. Inst. im. V.V.Dokuchaeva, Moscow, 2008), p. 182 [in Russian].

  19. 19.

    Soil. City. Ecology (Fond “Za ekonomicheskuyu gramotnost’”, Moscow, 1997), p. 320 [in Russian].

  20. 20.

    A. V. Rappoport and M. N. Stroganova, “Anthropogenic soils of botanical gardens of a megalopolis and factors of their stability,” in The Impact of Recreation on Forest Ecosystems and Their Components (Izd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Moscow, 2004), pp. 243–281 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  21. 21.

    SanPiN 2.1.7.1287-03. Sanitary Epidemiological Requirements for Soil Quality. Hygienic Normatives Determining Maximum Permissible Concentrations and Provisional Permissible Concentrations of Chemical Substances in Soils (GN 2.1.7.2041-06; GN 2.1.7.2511-09).

  22. 22.

    A. A. Semikolennykh, “Pedogenesis in Caves and Underground Mines,” Materials VI All-Russia Congr. Soil Science Society (Petrozavodsk, 2012), Vol. 1m 219–220 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  23. 23.

    M. N. Stroganova and M. G. Agarkova, “Urban soils: an experience in the study and systematization (by the example of southwestern Moscow,” Vestn. Mosk. Univ., Ser. 17: Pochvoved., No. 7, 19–24 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  24. 24.

    M. N. Stroganova, A. D. Myagkova, and T. V. Prokof’eva, “Urban soils: genesis, classification, and functions,” in Soil. City, Ecology, Ed. by G.V. Dobrovol’skii, (Moscow, 1997) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  25. 25.

    M. N. Stroganova and A. V. Rappoport, “specific features of anthropogenic soils in botanical gardens of metropolises in the southern taiga subzone,” Eur. Soil Sci. 38(9), 966–972 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  26. 26.

    V. D. Tonkonogov, “Evolutionary-genetic classification of soils and nonsoil surface formations,” Eur. Soil Sci. 34(6), 577–583 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  27. 27.

    G. M. Antonovic, “Classification of Damaged Soils,” Transact. 13th Congr. Int. Soil Sci. Soc., Hamburg, Vol. 3, 1036–1037 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  28. 28.

    H.-P. Blume, “Classification of Soils in Urban Agglomerations,” Catena 16, 269–275 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. 29.

    W. Burghardt, “Boden und böben in der stadt,” in Urbaner Bodenschultz Arbeitskreis Stadtböben der DBG (Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1996), pp. 7–24.

    Google Scholar 

  30. 30.

    P. J. Craul, Urban Soils in Landscape Design (John Wiley & Sons, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  31. 31.

    FAO/UNESCO Soil Map of the World 1: 5000000. Revised Legend, Rep. No. 60 (Rome, 1990).

  32. 32.

    J. M. Hollis, “The classification of soils in urban areas,” in Soils in the Urban Environments, Ed. by P. Bullock and P. J. Gregory (Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, 1991), pp. 5–27.

    Google Scholar 

  33. 33.

    J. M. Hollis, “Proposal of the classification, description and mapping of soils in urban areas,” English Nature (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  34. 34.

    IUSS Working Group WRB, World References Base for Soil Resources World Soil Resources Reports 84 (FAO, Rome, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  35. 35.

    IUSS Working Group WRB, World References Base for Soil Resources 2006. First update 2007, World Soil Resources Reports 103 (FAO, Rome, 2007).

    Google Scholar 

  36. 36.

    K. Konecka-Betley, E. Yanowska, Y. Luniewska-Broda, and M. Szpotanski, “Wstepna klasyfikacja gleb aglomeracji Warszawskiej,” (Warszawa, 1985), pp. 125–135 [in Polish].

    Google Scholar 

  37. 37.

    A. Lehmann, S. David, and K. Stahr, “Technique for soil evaluation and categorization for natural and anthropogenic soils (TUSEC),” Hohenheimer Bodenkundliche Hefte Nr. 86 (Universitat Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 2008).

  38. 38.

    A. Lehmann and K. Stahr, “Nature and significance of anthropogenic urban soils,” J. Soils Sediments 7((4)), 247–260 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. 39.

    Ja. Sobocka, “Anthropogenic soils and problems of their classification in Slovakia,” in Classification, Correlation and Management of Anthropogenic Soils, Proc. Nevada and California (USDA-NRCS, NSSC, Lincoln, NE, 1998), pp. 186–192.

    Google Scholar 

  40. 40.

    M. N. Stroganova, A. D. Myagkova, T. V. Prokof’ieva, and I. N. Skvortsova, Soils of Moscow and Urban Environment (Moscow, PAIMS, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  41. 41.

    V. Tonkonogov, M. Gerasimova, and I. Lebedeva, “Genetic soil classification system — what is its object?,” in Soil Classification. 2001 Europ. Soil Bureau Rep. No. 7, EUR 20398 EN (Luxembourg, 2002), pp. 9–13.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    T. V. Prokof’eva

  2. Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    M. I. Gerasimova

  3. Southern Federal University, ul. Bol’shaya Sadovaya 105, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia

    O. S. Bezuglova & S. N. Gorbov

  4. Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia

    K. A. Bakhmatova & N. N. Matinyan

  5. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, per. Staromonetnyi 27, Moscow, 119017, Russia

    A. A. Gol’eva

  6. Institute of Soil Science, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

    E. A. Zharikova

  7. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Naberezhnnaya Severnoi Dviny 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russia

    E. N. Nakvasina

  8. Research Institute of Applied Ecology of the North, Ammosov Northeastern Federal University, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), pr. Lenina 43, Yakutsk, 677000, Russia

    N. E. Sivtseva

Authors
  1. T. V. Prokof’eva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. I. Gerasimova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. S. Bezuglova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. A. Bakhmatova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. A. Gol’eva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. N. Gorbov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. E. A. Zharikova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. N. N. Matinyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. E. N. Nakvasina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. N. E. Sivtseva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. V. Prokof’eva.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © T.V. Prokof’eva, M.I. Gerasimova, O.S. Bezuglova, K.A. Bakhmatova, A.A. Gol’eva, S.N. Gorbov, E.A. Zharikova, N.N. Matinyan, E.N. Nakvasina, N.E. Sivtseva, 2014, published in Pochvovedenie, 2014, No. 10, pp. 1155–1164.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Prokof’eva, T.V., Gerasimova, M.I., Bezuglova, O.S. et al. Inclusion of soils and soil-like bodies of urban territories into the Russian soil classification system. Eurasian Soil Sc. 47, 959–967 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229314100093

Download citation

Keywords

  • urban soils
  • technogenic layers
  • technogenic horizons
  • urbanozems
  • urbostratozems