V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute

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The problem of tolerable erosion soil loss substantiation and an approach to its solution

Yu. P. Sukhanovskii, A. V. Prushchik, Yu. A. Solov’eva, S. I. Sanzharova

All-Russia Research Institute of Arable Farming and Soil Erosion Control, ul. K.Marx, 70-B, Kursk, 305021, Russia

In the paper it is shown that for developing a strategy of rational use of the remaining soil resources a methodology is necessary which must include methods of solving the following tasks: objective evaluation of soil resources; evaluation of their dynamics for the past time; long-term prediction of soil resources dynamics; search for a compromise between the necessity of decreasing soil degradation (erosion) and available economic possibilities. The solution of the tasks mentioned above is discussed, eroded chernozem soils of the arable lands of Kursk Region taken as an example. The quantity of the soil resources was evaluated by the plowland area and the thickness of humus horizon, and their quality (fertility, productivity) was evaluated by the humus supplies in the soil layer 0–50 cm. The dynamics of the soil resources was evaluated by the dynamics of these parameters measured. Data on the reduction of chernozem soil resources approximately within 200–250 years after the virgin land was plowed up are presented. It is shown that it will take thousands of years to restore the thickness of the humus layer of eroded chernozem soils, and hundreds of years to restore humus supplies. It is practically impossible to stop erosion on a large area for a relatively short period of time. A strategy of erosion reduction to the level of soil formation is necessary.The strategy was divided in stages for which an approach to the evaluation of tolerable erosion soil loss (TESL) was suggested. The approach is the search for a compromise between the rate of soil formation, the thickness of humus horizon, soil productivity (quality, fertility), an random character of erosion processes on the one hand, and available economic possibilities on the other hand. The values of TESL must decrease from stage to stage nearing the rate of soil formation. For the first stage (without economic assessment) values of TESL are developed.

Keywords: soil erosion, tolerable soil loss, soil resources, prediction, strategy, chernozem soils.

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